The Growing Threat of Drones in Complex Environments

In the rugged terrain of a conflict zone, a covert military mission is underway. Suddenly, the faint buzz of a drone cuts through the air. In the past, this sound might have spelled disaster for the special forces team. But today, they are prepared. A soldier operates the compact, backpack-mounted counter-unmanned aerial system (C-UAS) which is already deployed on his back. Within seconds, the threat is mitigated, and the operation can continue uninterrupted.

This scenario illustrates a growing challenge in modern security operations: rogue drones pose an increasing risk in sensitive and hard-to-reach locations. From covert surveillance to payload delivery, malicious actors can leverage drones to threaten military operations, law enforcement activities, and critical infrastructure – even in the most challenging terrains.

Traditional counter-drone systems may rely on fixed installations or vehicle-mounted units, leaving a critical gap in protection for personnel operating in complex, hard-to-access environments. Some settings can’t even accommodate a tactical tripod. Security teams need a highly portable, powerful solution that provides full control. The ability to detect, locate, identify, and safely mitigate drone threats is essential, but existing options are often too bulky or complex for rapid deployment in rugged conditions.

Understanding the Need for Portable C-UAS Technology

Drone threats can emerge anywhere, from dense urban centers to remote wilderness. Unauthorized or malicious drone activity can threaten various environments, disrupt public events, and pose risks to national security. Security professionals need the ability to counter these threats, no matter how challenging the terrain. This is where backpack-deployable C-UAS technology comes into play.

These ultra-portable systems serve as a critical lifeline in scenarios where traditional configurations of C-UAS solutions simply can’t go. Conventional counter-drone measures may be bulky, infrastructure-dependent, and limited in their deployment, making them unsuitable for many challenging environments. This gap has given rise to a new breed of C-UAS solutions designed specifically for backpack deployment.

Carried and operated by a single person, this comprehensive counter-drone defense opens up new possibilities for security in hard-to-reach areas. It can be brought anywhere and used to detect, identify, track, and mitigate threats from inside a backpack.

This blog explores ultra-portable counter-unmanned aerial system (C-UAS) configurations designed for backpack deployment, addressing a critical need in modern security operations across military, law enforcement, and other security sectors. 

By discussing the technological advancements enabling these portable systems and their potential impact on security strategies, this article provides insights for security professionals, policymakers, and technology enthusiasts. Consider the broader implications of this technology for airspace management, and the future of counter-drone defense in an increasingly complex aerial landscape.

The Portability Advantage

While their compact nature is a clear advantage, backpack C-UAS solutions offer unique portability benefits that enhance mission efficiency:

• Rapid Deployment: In time-sensitive situations, these systems can be operational within minutes, providing crucial protection when every second counts.
• Operational Flexibility: The ability to quickly relocate and redeploy allows security teams to adapt to evolving threats in real-time.
• Covert Operations: Low-profile designs with concealed antennas and fan-less operation support missions where maintaining stealth is paramount.
• Extended Protection: With long battery life and hot-swappable power options, these systems provide continuous coverage for extended operations.
• All-Terrain Capability: Ruggedized designs ensure functionality across diverse and challenging environments.

Operational Applications for Backpack-mounted C-UAS – Stories from the Field

Urban Tactical Response

In a densely populated city, a dangerous incident unfolds. As law enforcement establishes a perimeter, they’re concerned about potential drone surveillance from perpetrators or interference from civilian drones. A tactical team quickly deploys a backpack C-UAS unit around the site, ensuring a drone-free zone for their operation without the need for large, conspicuous equipment that could escalate tensions.

Border Patrol in Rugged Terrain

Along a vast, mountainous, or desert border, patrol units face the challenge of detecting and intercepting drug-smuggling drones. Equipped with backpack C-UAS, these units can now carry advanced drone detection and mitigation capabilities on foot patrols through areas inaccessible to vehicles, significantly enhancing their ability to secure the border.

VIP Protection on the Move

A high-profile political or religious leader is addressing large outdoor gatherings at multiple sites. The security detail, mindful of the potential for drone-based threats, can deploy backpack C-UAS as part of their mobile protection strategy. This creates temporary protected zones at each stop, protecting the VP from aerial threats and safeguarding the crowd.

Looking to the Future

As drone technology continues to advance, so does the need for flexible and adaptable counter-drone solutions. Ultra-portable C-UAS represents a significant step forward in addressing the challenges posed by drones in hard-to-reach terrains. They empower security professionals to protect people, assets, and sensitive information in scenarios that were previously vulnerable to aerial threats.

The development of these systems isn’t just about countering current threats; it’s about anticipating future challenges. As drones become smaller, more autonomous, and more capable, having a portable, powerful defense will be crucial for security operations across all sectors.

Backpack-deployable C-UAS solutions are more than just a technological achievement—they represent a paradigm shift counter-drone defense offering advanced protection to the most challenging environments and opening up new possibilities for safeguarding in an increasingly complex aerial landscape.

I invite you to check out an earlier post from one of my colleagues about implementing C-UAS in urban environments, which presents other unique hurdles. Check out that post to learn how to overcome these challenges & deploy C-UAS effectively in urban environments.

When D-Fend announced the launch of EnforceAir2 a few months ago, the many benefits that the new system offers became very clear, including enhanced, expanded and extended C-UAS capabilities. EnforceAir2 brings more power, performance and range, all in a more compact and accessible system.

But while EnforceAir2 extends the features of the original EnforceAir, there is also a brand-new element that was introduced with Enforceair2 that has impressed the D-Fend community: The Backpack Deployment Kit.

The Backpack C-UAS Deployment Kit advances the whole approach to counter-drone security, offering a portable, efficient, and highly versatile option for countering unauthorized drone activities. It is a unique, covert system that provides portable, on-the-move RF cyber detection and mitigation to military, law enforcement, and security agencies.

Ultra-Portability with High Performance

One of the main advantages of the Backpack is its portability. Security personnel can carry the entire counter-drone system on their backs, allowing for counter-drone operations even in situations or locations where conventional configurations may not reach.

Even though the whole EnforceAir2 solution is inside a regular backpack, it still offers omnidirectional coverage, and up to 2.5 hours of continuous operations per battery (with hot-swap batteries available for long-duration operations, with no downtime). A slim, ergonomic, lightweight system, the backpack is SAR standard compliant.

The backpack is user-friendly, ensuring that security personnel can deploy it efficiently, even in high-pressure situations. It provides full functionality for protection on-the-move, with the optimal balance between portability and performance. It is a covert solution, particularly useful for stealth operations, with concealed antennas and fan-less design. EnforceAir2 man-portable backpack operates in all weather conditions.

In addition, like other deployment kits, the backpack employs a multi-layered approach to counter-drone threats. It combines detection, identification, and mitigation capabilities, ensuring a comprehensive defense against a wide range of unauthorized drones. This holistic approach enhances security by addressing the entire spectrum of potential threats.

Multiple Use Cases for Compact, Man-Portable C-UAS

The backpack is useful for a range of scenarios such as, for example, public events and gatherings, protecting both VIPs and attendees, or military and special forces, particularly in difficult, hard-to-reach terrains. Homeland security and law enforcement also can benefit from the on-the-move counter-UAS approach as it provides them with increased flexibility in their tasks.

Another important attribute is that the backpack is also part of EnforceAir2 multiuse deployment bundles, which include tactical, vehicular, stationary, and backpack options. As explained in a previous blog, our Multiuse Deployment Bundles lead to easier and more practical transfer and conversion between the different deployments, for seamless operational flexibility (SOF). The bundles provide a more holistic and unified security stance, according to the changeable counter-drone requirements in unpredictable and dynamic environments. The bundles allow easy and quick conversion between deployments using the same core hardware elements. EnforceAir2 deployment bundles enable rapid set-up and transition between the different deployments, which facilitates seamless adaptation according to the evolving operational requirements.

Being able to deliver a brand-new backpack deployment option further fulfills EnforceAir’s control, safety, focus and future-readiness goals, leading to the ultimate objective of on-the-move continuity.

D-Fend Solutions has recently taken a transformative step, concurrent with the introduction of EnforceAir2, in offering new Multiuse Deployment Bundles. This strategic move leads to easier and more practical transfer and conversion between the different deployments, for seamless operational flexibility (SOF). In addition, it offers maximum effectiveness in the field and broadened counter-drone security.

From Single Deployments to Holistic Bundles

Each EnforceAir configuration targets a specific security challenge use case. Specifically, EnforceAir originally provided six specific deployments: military vehicle kit, vehicle kit, high-altitude tactical kit, ground-level tactical kit, high-altitude stationary, and long-range directional. The introduction of new bundles combining the different kits makes for a more integrated and flexible approach.

EnforceAir2 still offers each specific deployment kit (tactical, covert vehicle, military vehicle, stationary, and long-range directional) separately, if preferred, but the system now also comes in two bundles:

• Homeland Security & Law Enforcement: These units operate in different settings, according to their mission and use case, and EnforceAir2 bundles deliver easy and rapid conversion between deployments.

• Military: Military operations obviously take place in a range of different environments and missions, which requires counter-UAS adaptability and versatility. With a multiuse deployment kit, EnforceAir2 enables military teams to overcome a range of such challenges.

EnforceAir2 multiuse deployment bundles combine multiple high-performance cyber-C-UAS configurations into a cohesive package. Both bundles include tactical, stationary, man-portable backpack and vehicular deployments to allow organizations to adopt a more holistic and unified security stance for the changing needs of organizations operati

ng in unpredictable and dynamic environments. The bundles allow easy and quick conversion between deployments using the same core hardware elements.

Diverse Missions and Environments

These bundles empower tactical teams to respond quickly and accurately to evolving operational scenarios, maximizing their efficiency in the field.

The concept of SOF extends beyond adaptability. It encompasses a comprehensive approach that acknowledges the diverse missions, use cases, and environments organizations navigate. EnforceAir2 bundles are crafted to surmount deployment challenges associated with diverse scenarios, ensuring cyber-C-UAS measures remain robust irrespective of the specific context.

EnforceAir2 deployment bundles enable rapid set-up and transition between the different deployments, which facilitates seamless adaptation according to the evolving operational requirements. In addition, as  they are designed to be portable and efficient, the bundles offer a compact, lightweight, small form factor without compromising powerful capabilities. With user-friendly features, the bundles can be quickly set up with simple handling.

A Revolutionary Shift in Anti-Drone Safety

D-Fend Solutions’ introduction of EnforceAir2 bundles heralds a revolutionary shift in the landscape. It reflects a deep understanding of the challenges faced by organizations in today’s complex and ever-changing threat environment. These bundles are more than products—they are strategic enablers for organizations seeking to excel in the counter-drone safety and security arena.

As cyber threats continue to evolve, EnforceAir2 multiuse deployment bundles reflect a proactive and adaptive approach to C-UAS. By providing a comprehensive and integrated RF-cyber solution, EnforceAir empowers organizations to not only defend against existing threats but also to anticipate and mitigate future challenges. The evolution of drone threats demands a more comprehensive and strategic approach, where adaptability and flexibility are the cornerstones of success in the ever-changing drone landscape.

In June 2023, we had the privilege of participating in the National Sheriffs Association (NSA) Conference. This influential gathering brought together sheriffs, law enforcement professionals, and industry experts from across the nation to discuss crucial matters related to safety, security, and the growing threat of drone attacks. We received invaluable insights into the urgent need for counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (C-UAS) solutions to safeguard major events, correctional facilities, and local communities.

With over 2500 attendees at the NSA Conference, our booth garnered continuous and steady interest, leading to numerous engaging conversations about the functionality and effectiveness of RF-cyber takeover technology in general, and D-Fend Solutions’ C-UAS system in particular. The event served as a platform for fruitful discussions and networking opportunities with industry professionals.

One of the most significant revelations at the NSA Conference was the keen interest shown by state and local law enforcement in utilizing C-UAS systems to fend off drone attacks at major events and prisons. For example, with an average of 4-5 major events with thousands of attendees occurring in each state in the US annually, sheriffs are constantly on alert for safety precautions and defense against drone threats. Just as important, C-UAS systems can play a critical role in state and local corrections departments. There is also an extremely high volume of contraband items being smuggled into prisons via drones on a weekly (and sometimes daily) basis. Corrections department professionals expressed a powerful desire for detection capabilities that can identify approaching drones and locate their pilots, providing significant support to local sheriffs and prison guards.

During the various sessions focused on drones and C-UAS, attendees expressed a sense of urgency in acquiring C-UAS capabilities as soon as possible. Stories of escalating drone threats reinforced the need for immediate action to mitigate potential risks effectively.

On the other side, on a positive note, in some places in the US, such as Chula Vista, California, drones are already being utilized in emergency situations to assist local police, firefighters, and EMTs in swiftly reaching the scene. The ability of RF-cyber technology to identify authorized drones while protecting the region from unauthorized ones received particular attention as it can protect operational continuity and ensure the safety of communities during emergencies.

During the event, we discussed how RF-cyber is profoundly different than jamming techniques. We engaged in discussions about the safety and effectiveness of this technology compared to other mitigation approaches, addressing concerns and reassuring attendees about the reliability of this novel solution.

As a result of our participation in the NSA Conference, we have scheduled multiple demos across various states. This widespread interest highlights the urgent need for C-UAS systems to combat threats during local parades, outdoor concerts, and major holidays.

The NSA Conference provided us with valuable insights into the pressing need for C-UAS systems to protect major events, correctional facilities, and local communities from the growing threat of drone attacks. The event showcased the high demand for immediate solutions and staunch support for obtaining such capabilities from sheriffs, the corrections departments, and local law enforcement agencies. As we continue to collaborate with industry professionals and demonstrate the effectiveness of our C-UAS across various states, we stay more committed than ever to enhancing safety and security while empowering state and local authorities to effectively respond to emerging challenges in the drone landscape.

Law enforcement personnel in California arrested a man this week that they allege was operating a small, unmanned aerial system (sUAS), or drone, with a bag of heroin attached, according to the Los Angeles Times.

Unfortunately, this news is not surprising. Police forces increasingly find themselves dealing with rogue drones. Drones are becoming cheaper and thus more accessible to the public, sleeker, faster, harder to detect and more durable. Many can fly long distances and carry heavy payloads, and are easy to operate, which poses safety and security risks to nearly every type of environment.

Terrible outcomes can even result from accidents, such as a drone colliding with a power line, or a moving vehicle.

Law enforcement personnel want to ensure they are ready. Security Magazine reports that Transportation Security Administration (TSA) personnel and police departments from Connecticut and New York recently assessed their ability to detect and mitigate unauthorized drones from interfering with commercial aviation.

The teams practiced different scenarios and tested the Connecticut State Police’s counter-drone technology. Such tests are critical, because police departments face unique challenges from rogue drones.

sUASs can disrupt large outdoor events protected by law enforcement – but that is far from the only danger they pose. Drones can also be used to hinder police movements during attempted arrests, surveil law enforcement formations and personnel, transport drugs and contraband (as we saw in California this week), and even target law enforcement officials.

Two Complications

Two factors further complicate law enforcement agencies’ ability to cope with the rogue drone threat.

Law enforcement personnel are increasingly relying upon drones to surveil unfolding events, such as active shooting situations, and to capture pictures and videos of potential crimes. But most counter-small, unmanned aerial systems (C-sUAS) do not enable system operators to classify drones as “authorized” or “unauthorized.” This means police operators wishing to detect and mitigate rogue drones would have to shut down their own authorized drones, even if their usage was critical to a developing situation.

Also, many police departments wish to integrate their law enforcement systems with a counter-drone system, but most C-sUAS cannot meet this requirement. By integrating open counter-drone technology with top law enforcement and military command & control (C2) systems, police units can seamlessly integrate the C-sUAS into their work processes and expand operational awareness beyond the tactical team operating EnforceAir.

The Solution

Law enforcement agencies can overcome these challenges by using radio frequency-based, cyber-takeover counter-drone technology to detect rogue drones, identify them and then automatically take over the drones to land them in a safe, designated area. Such a system should be able to classy drones as “authorized” or “unauthorized” and enable permitted law enforcement or first responder drones to remain fully operational and unaffected.

Open cyber technology can also enable agencies to integrate the anti-drone technology with their preferred law enforcement platform.

Rogue drone incidents such as the one in California last week show no signs of abating, unfortunately, so expect to see police departments continue to test their readiness and investigate optimal counter-drone solutions.